<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2686-9055</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2686-9055</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Corpus Mundi</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Corpus Mundi</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ООО Научно-производственное предприятие "Генезис.Фронтир.Наука"</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46539/cmj.v7i1.132</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://corpusmundi.com/index.php/cmj/article/view/132</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>ТЕЛО В МЕНЯЮЩЕМСЯ МИРЕ</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>THE BODY IN A CHANGING WORLD</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Биотенсегрити в боевых искусствах: освоение холистического движения в восточных единоборствах западными практиками</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>On Biotensegrity in Martial Arts: Forming Holistic Movement as Westerners Learning Eastern Arts</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Гловер</surname>
            <given-names>Дэвид Б.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Гловер</surname>
              <given-names>Дэвид Б.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Glover</surname>
              <given-names>David B.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>david@davidbglover.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-7584-0217</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Дженнингс</surname>
            <given-names>Джордж</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Дженнингс</surname>
              <given-names>Джордж</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Jennings</surname>
              <given-names>George</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>gbjennings@cardiffmet.ac.uk</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3781-568X</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Макнэри</surname>
            <given-names>Гарет</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Макнэри</surname>
              <given-names>Гарет</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>McNarry</surname>
              <given-names>Gareth</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>gmcnarry@cardiffmet.ac.uk</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3105-9916</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Единоборства «Синоби» (Нью-Гэмпшир, США)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Shinobi Martial Arts (New Hampshire, USA)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Кардифф Метрополитан (Кардифф, Великобритания)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Cardiff Metropolitan University (Cardiff, United Kingdom)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-25">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>7</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>82</fpage>
      <lpage>111</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-23">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-12">
          <day>12</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2026-02-09">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons “Attribution” 4.0 International License</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гловер Дэвид Б., Дженнингс Джордж, Макнэри Гарет</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">David B. Glover, George Jennings, &amp; Gareth McNarry</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://corpusmundi.com/index.php/cmj/article/view/132">https://corpusmundi.com/index.php/cmj/article/view/132</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Возможно ли обычному человеку научиться двигаться столь же собрано и мощно, как в знаменитом ударе Брюса Ли? Как взрослому западному человеку освоить и перевести в телесный навык принципы целостного движения, заложенные в азиатских психофизических практиках? В боевых искусствах единство тела и согласованность движений целенаправленно культивируются через особые методы тренировок и педагогические приёмы, и именно эти системы способны служить ключом к пониманию биотенсегрити — концепции, рождённой в биомеханике. Настоящая работа впервые предлагает рефлексивный, личный и межиндивидуальный взгляд на теоретические основы биотенсегрити, рассматривая образцы целостного движения в начальной подготовке тайдзюцу (ниндзюцу) и вин-чунь кунг-фу. Двое западных исследователей-практиков заново учится двигаться в японской и китайской традициях и, опираясь на собственные автоэтнографические и этнографические материалы, выделяют три ключевых качества биотенсегрити: энергетическую эффективность, максимальную передачу силы и динамическую устойчивость. Мы демонстрируем, как эти три качества, действуя в связке, позволяют нам и нашим партнёрам по тренировкам соединить привычные движения конечностей с работой глубинных зон корпуса — грудной клетки, таза и позвоночника — через миофасциальную сеть, воплощая это в мощные технические действия, проверяемые в спарринге. Вписывая биотенсегрити в контекст живого телесного опыта боевых искусств, мы выводим её применение за рамки биомеханики в область воплощённого научения и двигательной культуры, открывая новые возможности для коучинга, педагогики и кинезиологии.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>How can people learn to move in a unified, powerful manner, as in Bruce Lee’s famous one-inch punch demonstration? How can adult Westerners learn and embody principles of holistic movement from Asian mind-body disciplines? Many martial arts emphasize body unity and connectedness through distinctive training methods and pedagogies, and these systems can help elucidate the concept of biotensegrity, a notion originating in biomechanics, a laboratory-based science. This article is the first to offer a reflective, first-person, and intersubjective perspective on the theoretical principles of biotensegrity by delving into the examples of unified movement in the foundational taijutsu training of ninjutsu and in an internal approach to wing chun kung fu. As two Western white male martial arts scholar-practitioners relearning how to move in our respective Japanese and Chinese styles, we draw on our respective autoethnographic and ethnographic studies to unpack three key qualities of biotensegrity: energy efficiency, maximizing force transference, and dynamic stability. We show how these three qualities work together to enable the authors and their fellow learners to connect the more familiar movement of limbs, hands, and feet with the movement of the deeper inner body regions of the torso, hips, and spine through the myofascial system to create powerful techniques tested against resisting opponents. By situating biotensegrity within lived martial arts practice, this work extends its application from biomechanics into embodied learning and physical cultures, offering new insights for coaching, pedagogy, and movement science.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>биотенсегрити</kwd>
        <kwd>телесная культура</kwd>
        <kwd>совместная автоэтнография</kwd>
        <kwd>взгляд от первого лица</kwd>
        <kwd>глубинные структуры тела</kwd>
        <kwd>живое движение</kwd>
        <kwd>боевые искусства</kwd>
        <kwd>ниндзюцу</kwd>
        <kwd>переобучение</kwd>
        <kwd>вин-чунь</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Biotensegrity</kwd>
        <kwd>Body Cultures</kwd>
        <kwd>Collaborative Autoethnography</kwd>
        <kwd>First-Person Perspectives</kwd>
        <kwd>Inner Body</kwd>
        <kwd>Lived Movement</kwd>
        <kwd>Martial Arts</kwd>
        <kwd>Ninjutsu</kwd>
        <kwd>Relearning</kwd>
        <kwd>Wing Chun</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anatomy Trains. (n.d.). Anatomy trains. https://www.anatomytrains.com/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bas Rutten (2014, October 20). The impact of Bas Rutten's punch.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://youtu.be/BGanY7CIs0k?si=LVVeiE-7o0_9yb8U&amp;t=80</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benedict, R. ([1946] 2005). The chrysanthemum and the sword: Patterns of Japanese culture. HarperCollins.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bordoni, B., &amp; Myers, T. (2020). A review of the theoretical fascial models: Biotensegrity, fascintegrity, and myofascial chains. Cureus, 12(2), e7092. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7092</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borelli, G. A. ([1680] 2012). On the movement of animals (P. Macquet, Trans.). Springer-Verlag.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bourdieu, P., &amp; Wacquant, L. J. D. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bowman, P. (2021). The invention of martial arts: Popular culture between Asia and America. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197540336.001.0001</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown, D. H. K. (2020). Embodying charismatic affect(if): The example of Bruce Lee. Corpus Mundi, 1(3), 14–52. https://doi.org/10.46539/cmj.v1i3.22</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buckler, S. (2010). Sects and violence: Development of an inclusive taxonomy to hermeneutically explore the histo-philosophical development of the martial art, Wing Chun Kuen [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Coventry University in collaboration with the University of Worcester.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chu, R., Ritchie, R. &amp; Wu, Y. (1998). Complete Wing Chun: The definitive guide to Wing Chun’s history and traditions. Tuttle.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Contreras Islas, D. S. C., &amp; Jennings, G. (2023). A typology of martial arts scholar–practitioners: Types, transitions, and tensions in capoeira. Societies, 13(10), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc13100214</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Solórzano, S. L. (2020). Everything moves: How biotensegrity informs human movement. Handspring Publishing.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drnick2461. (2014, October 10). Bruce Lee one inch punch. https://youtu.be/93gcf30R2hY</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref15">
        <label>15</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eichberg, H. (2010). Body culture. In S. W. Pope &amp; J. Nauright (Eds.), Routledge companion to sports history (pp. 162–181). Routledge.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref16">
        <label>16</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ellis, C., Adams, T. E., &amp; Bochner, A. P. (2011). Autoethnography: An overview. Historical Social Research, 36(4), 273–290. https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.36.2011.4.273-290</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref17">
        <label>17</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ewoldt, R. H. (2014). Extremely soft: Design with rheologically complex fluids. Soft Robotics, 1(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1089/soro.2013.1508</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref18">
        <label>18</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feldenkrais, M. (1990). Awareness through movement. HarperCollins.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref19">
        <label>19</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibson, A. (2001). Why Wing Chun works. Summersdale Publishing.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref20">
        <label>20</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibson, E. J. (1969). Principles of perceptual learning and development. Prentice Hall.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref21">
        <label>21</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gracovetsky, S. (1988). The spinal engine. Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8951-1</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref22">
        <label>22</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gracovetsky, S. (2011). The coupled motion of the spine: Bipedalism versus human gait &amp; applications to sports medicine. In E. Dalton &amp; J. Aston (Eds.), Dynamic body: Exploring form, expanding function (pp. 308–329). Freedom From Pain Institute.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref23">
        <label>23</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatsumi, M. (1981). Ninjutsu: History and tradition (D. M. Furuya, Ed.). Unique.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref24">
        <label>24</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatsumi, M. (2003). Introduction. In S. K. Hayes &amp; M. Hatsumi, Secrets from the ninja grandmaster (pp. 3–4). Paladin Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref25">
        <label>25</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatsumi, M. (2004). The way of the ninja: Secret techniques (B. Jones, Trans.). Kodansha International.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref26">
        <label>26</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatsumi, M., &amp; Cole, B. (2012). Understand? Good. Play. Words of consequence. Bushin Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref27">
        <label>27</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatsumi, M., &amp; International Bujinkan Dojo Association. (2007). Ninja submission: Translation and photocopy of the original out of print book. American Bujinkan.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref28">
        <label>28</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes, S. K. (1981). The ninja and their secret fighting art. Tuttle.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref29">
        <label>29</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes, S. K. (1984). Ninjutsu: The art of the invisible warrior. Contemporary Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref30">
        <label>30</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes, S. K. (1985). The mystic arts of the ninja: Hypnotism, invisibility, and weaponry. Contemporary Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref31">
        <label>31</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes, S. K. (1988). The ancient art of ninja warfare. Contemporary Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref32">
        <label>32</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes, S. K. (2013). The complete ninja collection. Black Belt Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref33">
        <label>33</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayes, S. K., &amp; Hatsumi, M. (2003). Secrets from the ninja grandmaster. Paladin Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref34">
        <label>34</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horak, F. B. (2006). Postural orientation and equilibrium: What do we need to know about neural control of balance to prevent falls? Age and Ageing, 35(S2), ii7–ii11. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl077</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref35">
        <label>35</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hrysomallis, C. (2011). Balance ability and athletic performance. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.2165/11538560-000000000-00000</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref36">
        <label>36</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Humphrey, J. D. (2003). Review paper: Continuum biomechanics of soft biological tissues. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 459(2029), 3–46. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2002.1060</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref37">
        <label>37</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iadarola, S. P. (2017). The six core elements: The SLT and the history of wing chun. White Elephant Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref38">
        <label>38</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jennings, G. (2023). “The martial will never leave your bones”: Embodying the field of the Kung Fu family. In R. Smith &amp; S. Delamont (Eds.), Leaving the field: Methodological insights from ethnographic exits. Manchester University Press. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526157669.00016</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref39">
        <label>39</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jennings, G., Brown, D. &amp; Sparkes, A.C. (2010). “It can be a religion if you want”: Wing Chun Kung Fu as a secular religion. Ethnography, 11(4), 533-557. https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138110372588</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref40">
        <label>40</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Judkins, B. (2020). The development and global transmission of Wing Chun. In F. Hong &amp; L. Zhouxiang (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of sport in Asia. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429061202-6</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref41">
        <label>41</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Judkins, B. &amp; Nielson, J. (2015). The creation of Wing Chun: A social history of the southern Chinese martial arts. SUNY Press. https://doi.org/10.1353/book40992</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref42">
        <label>42</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lanka, L. (2023, September 13). The shocking truth about ninja martial arts (from historical documents). Way of Ninja. https://www.wayofninja.com/ninja-martial-arts-history/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref43">
        <label>43</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levin, S. M. (2018). The mechanics of martial arts. Biotensegrity.com. http://www.biotensegrity.com/resources/mechanics-of-martial-arts.pdf</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref44">
        <label>44</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levin, S., De Solórzano, S. L., &amp; Scarr, G. (2017). The significance of closed kinematic chains to biological movement and dynamic stability. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 21(3), 664–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.03.012</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref45">
        <label>45</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levin, S. M., &amp; Scarr, G. (2022). Biotensegrity and the mechanics of fascia. In C. Stecco, M. Driscoll, P. A. Huijing, &amp; R. Schleip (Eds.), Fascia: The tensional network of the human body: The science and clinical applications in manual and movement therapy (pp. 232–238). Elsevier.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref46">
        <label>46</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu, N. &amp; Yin, A. (2022). Origin of Wing Chun boxing. Frontiers in Sport Research, 4(4), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.25236/FSR.2022.040404</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref47">
        <label>47</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma, X., &amp; Jennings, G. (2021). “Hang the flesh off the bones”: Cultivating an “ideal body” in Taijiquan and Neigong. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094417</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref48">
        <label>48</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mauss, M. ([1934] 1973). Techniques of the body. Economy and Society, 2(1), 70–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147300000003</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref49">
        <label>49</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarlane, S. (1989). Bodily awareness in the Wing Chun system. Religion, 19(3), 241–253.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref50">
        <label>50</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-721X(89)90023-7</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref51">
        <label>51</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mindful Wing Chun Online (2025). Awaken your inner power: Mindful Wing Chun.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref52">
        <label>52</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://mindfulwingchun.online/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref53">
        <label>53</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palm, E. A. (2024, May 10). The unexpected acolytes helping to keep ninja heritage alive. In The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2024/05/10/lifestyle/ninja-bujinkan-japan-history/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref54">
        <label>54</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettinen, K. (2009). The grammar of the feet: Notion of skill in ninpo taijutsu practice. In L. G. Sbrocchi, K. Haworth, &amp; J. Hogue (Eds.), The semiotics of time (pp. 473–479). Semiotic Society of America. https://doi.org/10.5840/cpsem200959</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref55">
        <label>55</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettinen, K. (2012). From habits of doing to habits of feeling: Skill acquisition in ninpo taijutsu practice. In D. H. Lende, &amp; G. Downey, G. (Eds.), The encultured brain: An introduction to neuroanthropology (pp. 195–212). MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9219.003.0010</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref56">
        <label>56</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettinen, K. (2014). Somatic skill transmission as storytelling: The role of embodied judgment in ninpo taijutsu practice. Phaenex, 9(2), 136–155. https://doi.org/10.22329/p.v9i2.4285</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref57">
        <label>57</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettinen, K. K. (2020). The ecology of attention. In A. S. Jaarsma &amp; K. Dobson (Eds.), Dissonant methods: Undoing discipline in the humanities classroom (pp. 59–78). University of Alberta. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781772125276-007</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref58">
        <label>58</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettinen, K. (2022). Knowledge in action: What the feet can learn to know. Semiotica, 2022(248), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2022-0082</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref59">
        <label>59</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pope, M. H. (2005). Giovanni Alfonso Borelli: The father of biomechanics. Spine, 30(20), 2350–2355. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000182314.49515.d8</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref60">
        <label>60</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rawcliffe, S. (2003). Simply Wing Chun Kung Fu. The Crowood Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref61">
        <label>61</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reschechtko, S., &amp; Pruszynski, J. A. (2020). Stretch reflexes. Current Biology, 30(18), R1025–R1030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.092</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref62">
        <label>62</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roy, D., Duhig, S., Lowell De Solorzano, S., &amp; Headrick, J. (2025). Leveraging biotensegrity for sports performance: An ecological dynamics perspective. Ecological Psychology, 37(3), 165–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2024.2448796</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref63">
        <label>63</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russo, C. (2016). Striking distance: Bruce Lee &amp; the dawn of martial arts in America. University of Nebraska Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1d41dnj</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref64">
        <label>64</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scarr, G. (2018). Biotensegrity: The structural basis of life (Vol. 2). Handspring Publishing.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref65">
        <label>65</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scarr, G. (2020). Biotensegrity: What is the big deal? Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 24(1), 134–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.09.006</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref66">
        <label>66</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sparrow, W.A., &amp; Newell, K.M. (1998). Metabolic energy expenditure and the regulation of movement economy. Psychonomic Bulletin &amp; Review, 5, 173–196. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212943</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref67">
        <label>67</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spatz, B. (2015). What a body can do: Technique as knowledge, practice as research. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315722344</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref68">
        <label>68</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spatz, B. (2017). Embodied research: A methodology. Liminalities: A Journal of Performance Studies, 13(2), 1–31. http://liminalities.net/13-2/embodied.pdf</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref69">
        <label>69</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swanson, R. L. (2013). Biotensegrity: A unifying theory of biological architecture with applications to osteopathic practice, education, and research—A review and analysis. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, 113(1), 34–52. https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2013.113.1.34</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref70">
        <label>70</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaishya, R., &amp; Vaish, A. (2020). Falls in older adults are serious. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, 54(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-019-00037-x</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref71">
        <label>71</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van der Wal, J. (2020). De fabrica humani corporis—Fascia as the fabric of the body. In D. Lesondak (Ed.), Fascia, function, and medical applications (pp. 3–18). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032675886</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref72">
        <label>72</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuasa, Y. (1987). The body: Toward an Eastern mind–body theory (T. P. Kasulis, Ed.; T. P. Kasulis &amp; S. Nagatomo, Trans.). State University of New York. https://sunypress.edu/Books/T/The-Body</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref73">
        <label>73</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zoughari, K. (2010). The ninja: Ancient shadow warriors of Japan (The secret history of ninjutsu). Tuttle.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref74">
        <label>74</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anatomy Trains. (n.d.). Anatomy trains. https://www.anatomytrains.com/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref75">
        <label>75</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bas Rutten (2014, October 20). The impact of Bas Rutten's punch.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref76">
        <label>76</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://youtu.be/BGanY7CIs0k?si=LVVeiE-7o0_9yb8U&amp;t=80</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref77">
        <label>77</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benedict, R. ([1946] 2005). The chrysanthemum and the sword: Patterns of Japanese culture. HarperCollins.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref78">
        <label>78</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bordoni, B., &amp; Myers, T. (2020). A review of the theoretical fascial models: Biotensegrity, fascintegrity, and myofascial chains. Cureus, 12(2), e7092. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7092</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref79">
        <label>79</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borelli, G. A. ([1680] 2012). On the movement of animals (P. Macquet, Trans.). Springer-Verlag.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref80">
        <label>80</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bourdieu, P., &amp; Wacquant, L. J. D. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref81">
        <label>81</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bowman, P. (2021). The invention of martial arts: Popular culture between Asia and America. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197540336.001.0001</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref82">
        <label>82</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown, D. H. K. (2020). Embodying charismatic affect(if): The example of Bruce Lee. Corpus Mundi, 1(3), 14–52. https://doi.org/10.46539/cmj.v1i3.22</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref83">
        <label>83</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buckler, S. (2010). Sects and violence: Development of an inclusive taxonomy to hermeneutically explore the histo-philosophical development of the martial art, Wing Chun Kuen [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. Coventry University in collaboration with the University of Worcester.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref84">
        <label>84</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chu, R., Ritchie, R. &amp; Wu, Y. (1998). Complete Wing Chun: The definitive guide to Wing Chun’s history and traditions. Tuttle.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref85">
        <label>85</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Contreras Islas, D. S. C., &amp; Jennings, G. (2023). A typology of martial arts scholar–practitioners: Types, transitions, and tensions in capoeira. Societies, 13(10), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc13100214</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref86">
        <label>86</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Solórzano, S. L. (2020). Everything moves: How biotensegrity informs human movement. Handspring Publishing.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref87">
        <label>87</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drnick2461. (2014, October 10). Bruce Lee one inch punch. https://youtu.be/93gcf30R2hY</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref88">
        <label>88</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eichberg, H. (2010). Body culture. In S. W. Pope &amp; J. Nauright (Eds.), Routledge companion to sports history (pp. 162–181). Routledge.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref89">
        <label>89</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ellis, C., Adams, T. E., &amp; Bochner, A. P. (2011). Autoethnography: An overview. Historical Social Research, 36(4), 273–290. https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.36.2011.4.273-290</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref90">
        <label>90</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ewoldt, R. H. (2014). Extremely soft: Design with rheologically complex fluids. Soft Robotics, 1(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1089/soro.2013.1508</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref91">
        <label>91</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feldenkrais, M. (1990). Awareness through movement. HarperCollins.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref92">
        <label>92</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gibson, A. (2001). Why Wing Chun works. Summersdale Publishing.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref93">
        <label>93</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gibson, E. J. (1969). Principles of perceptual learning and development. Prentice Hall.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref94">
        <label>94</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gracovetsky, S. (1988). The spinal engine. Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8951-1</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref95">
        <label>95</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gracovetsky, S. (2011). The coupled motion of the spine: Bipedalism versus human gait &amp; applications to sports medicine. In E. Dalton &amp; J. Aston (Eds.), Dynamic body: Exploring form, expanding function (pp. 308–329). Freedom From Pain Institute.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref96">
        <label>96</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatsumi, M. (1981). Ninjutsu: History and tradition (D. M. Furuya, Ed.). Unique.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref97">
        <label>97</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatsumi, M. (2003). Introduction. In S. K. Hayes &amp; M. Hatsumi, Secrets from the ninja grandmaster (pp. 3–4). Paladin Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref98">
        <label>98</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatsumi, M. (2004). The way of the ninja: Secret techniques (B. Jones, Trans.). Kodansha International.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref99">
        <label>99</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatsumi, M., &amp; Cole, B. (2012). Understand? Good. Play. Words of consequence. Bushin Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref100">
        <label>100</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatsumi, M., &amp; International Bujinkan Dojo Association. (2007). Ninja submission: Translation and photocopy of the original out of print book. American Bujinkan.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref101">
        <label>101</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes, S. K. (1981). The ninja and their secret fighting art. Tuttle.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref102">
        <label>102</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes, S. K. (1984). Ninjutsu: The art of the invisible warrior. Contemporary Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref103">
        <label>103</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes, S. K. (1985). The mystic arts of the ninja: Hypnotism, invisibility, and weaponry. Contemporary Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref104">
        <label>104</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes, S. K. (1988). The ancient art of ninja warfare. Contemporary Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref105">
        <label>105</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes, S. K. (2013). The complete ninja collection. Black Belt Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref106">
        <label>106</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayes, S. K., &amp; Hatsumi, M. (2003). Secrets from the ninja grandmaster. Paladin Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref107">
        <label>107</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horak, F. B. (2006). Postural orientation and equilibrium: What do we need to know about neural control of balance to prevent falls? Age and Ageing, 35(S2), ii7–ii11. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afl077</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref108">
        <label>108</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hrysomallis, C. (2011). Balance ability and athletic performance. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.2165/11538560-000000000-00000</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref109">
        <label>109</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Humphrey, J. D. (2003). Review paper: Continuum biomechanics of soft biological tissues. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 459(2029), 3–46. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2002.1060</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref110">
        <label>110</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iadarola, S. P. (2017). The six core elements: The SLT and the history of wing chun. White Elephant Books.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref111">
        <label>111</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jennings, G. (2023). “The martial will never leave your bones”: Embodying the field of the Kung Fu family. In R. Smith &amp; S. Delamont (Eds.), Leaving the field: Methodological insights from ethnographic exits. Manchester University Press. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526157669.00016</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref112">
        <label>112</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jennings, G., Brown, D. &amp; Sparkes, A.C. (2010). “It can be a religion if you want”: Wing Chun Kung Fu as a secular religion. Ethnography, 11(4), 533-557. https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138110372588</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref113">
        <label>113</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Judkins, B. (2020). The development and global transmission of Wing Chun. In F. Hong &amp; L. Zhouxiang (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of sport in Asia. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429061202-6</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref114">
        <label>114</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Judkins, B. &amp; Nielson, J. (2015). The creation of Wing Chun: A social history of the southern Chinese martial arts. SUNY Press. https://doi.org/10.1353/book40992</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref115">
        <label>115</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lanka, L. (2023, September 13). The shocking truth about ninja martial arts (from historical documents). Way of Ninja. https://www.wayofninja.com/ninja-martial-arts-history/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref116">
        <label>116</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin, S. M. (2018). The mechanics of martial arts. Biotensegrity.com. http://www.biotensegrity.com/resources/mechanics-of-martial-arts.pdf</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref117">
        <label>117</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin, S., De Solórzano, S. L., &amp; Scarr, G. (2017). The significance of closed kinematic chains to biological movement and dynamic stability. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 21(3), 664–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.03.012</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref118">
        <label>118</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin, S. M., &amp; Scarr, G. (2022). Biotensegrity and the mechanics of fascia. In C. Stecco, M. Driscoll, P. A. Huijing, &amp; R. Schleip (Eds.), Fascia: The tensional network of the human body: The science and clinical applications in manual and movement therapy (pp. 232–238). Elsevier.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref119">
        <label>119</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu, N. &amp; Yin, A. (2022). Origin of Wing Chun boxing. Frontiers in Sport Research, 4(4), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.25236/FSR.2022.040404</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref120">
        <label>120</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma, X., &amp; Jennings, G. (2021). “Hang the flesh off the bones”: Cultivating an “ideal body” in Taijiquan and Neigong. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4417. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094417</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref121">
        <label>121</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mauss, M. ([1934] 1973). Techniques of the body. Economy and Society, 2(1), 70–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085147300000003</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref122">
        <label>122</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McFarlane, S. (1989). Bodily awareness in the Wing Chun system. Religion, 19(3), 241–253.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref123">
        <label>123</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-721X(89)90023-7</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref124">
        <label>124</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mindful Wing Chun Online (2025). Awaken your inner power: Mindful Wing Chun.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref125">
        <label>125</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://mindfulwingchun.online/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref126">
        <label>126</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palm, E. A. (2024, May 10). The unexpected acolytes helping to keep ninja heritage alive. In The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2024/05/10/lifestyle/ninja-bujinkan-japan-history/</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref127">
        <label>127</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettinen, K. (2009). The grammar of the feet: Notion of skill in ninpo taijutsu practice. In L. G. Sbrocchi, K. Haworth, &amp; J. Hogue (Eds.), The semiotics of time (pp. 473–479). Semiotic Society of America. https://doi.org/10.5840/cpsem200959</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref128">
        <label>128</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettinen, K. (2012). From habits of doing to habits of feeling: Skill acquisition in ninpo taijutsu practice. In D. H. Lende, &amp; G. Downey, G. (Eds.), The encultured brain: An introduction to neuroanthropology (pp. 195–212). MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9219.003.0010</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref129">
        <label>129</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettinen, K. (2014). Somatic skill transmission as storytelling: The role of embodied judgment in ninpo taijutsu practice. Phaenex, 9(2), 136–155. https://doi.org/10.22329/p.v9i2.4285</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref130">
        <label>130</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettinen, K. K. (2020). The ecology of attention. In A. S. Jaarsma &amp; K. Dobson (Eds.), Dissonant methods: Undoing discipline in the humanities classroom (pp. 59–78). University of Alberta. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781772125276-007</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref131">
        <label>131</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettinen, K. (2022). Knowledge in action: What the feet can learn to know. Semiotica, 2022(248), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2022-0082</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref132">
        <label>132</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pope, M. H. (2005). Giovanni Alfonso Borelli: The father of biomechanics. Spine, 30(20), 2350–2355. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000182314.49515.d8</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref133">
        <label>133</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rawcliffe, S. (2003). Simply Wing Chun Kung Fu. The Crowood Press.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref134">
        <label>134</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reschechtko, S., &amp; Pruszynski, J. A. (2020). Stretch reflexes. Current Biology, 30(18), R1025–R1030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.092</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref135">
        <label>135</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roy, D., Duhig, S., Lowell De Solorzano, S., &amp; Headrick, J. (2025). Leveraging biotensegrity for sports performance: An ecological dynamics perspective. Ecological Psychology, 37(3), 165–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2024.2448796</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref136">
        <label>136</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russo, C. (2016). Striking distance: Bruce Lee &amp; the dawn of martial arts in America. University of Nebraska Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1d41dnj</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref137">
        <label>137</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scarr, G. (2018). Biotensegrity: The structural basis of life (Vol. 2). Handspring Publishing.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref138">
        <label>138</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scarr, G. (2020). Biotensegrity: What is the big deal? Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 24(1), 134–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.09.006</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref139">
        <label>139</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sparrow, W.A., &amp; Newell, K.M. (1998). Metabolic energy expenditure and the regulation of movement economy. Psychonomic Bulletin &amp; Review, 5, 173–196. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03212943</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref140">
        <label>140</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spatz, B. (2015). What a body can do: Technique as knowledge, practice as research. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315722344</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref141">
        <label>141</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spatz, B. (2017). Embodied research: A methodology. Liminalities: A Journal of Performance Studies, 13(2), 1–31. http://liminalities.net/13-2/embodied.pdf</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref142">
        <label>142</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swanson, R. L. (2013). Biotensegrity: A unifying theory of biological architecture with applications to osteopathic practice, education, and research—A review and analysis. Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, 113(1), 34–52. https://doi.org/10.7556/jaoa.2013.113.1.34</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref143">
        <label>143</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaishya, R., &amp; Vaish, A. (2020). Falls in older adults are serious. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, 54(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-019-00037-x</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref144">
        <label>144</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van der Wal, J. (2020). De fabrica humani corporis—Fascia as the fabric of the body. In D. Lesondak (Ed.), Fascia, function, and medical applications (pp. 3–18). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032675886</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref145">
        <label>145</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuasa, Y. (1987). The body: Toward an Eastern mind–body theory (T. P. Kasulis, Ed.; T. P. Kasulis &amp; S. Nagatomo, Trans.). State University of New York. https://sunypress.edu/Books/T/The-Body</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref146">
        <label>146</label>
        <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zoughari, K. (2010). The ninja: Ancient shadow warriors of Japan (The secret history of ninjutsu). Tuttle.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
