Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Modern graphical interfaces define the user's experience according to various metaphorical spectra – bringing it closer to bureaucratic, then to ritualistic, then to magical interactions over reality. The article suggests a view according to which the basis of this metaphor lies in the idea and image of utopia, and the first forms of realization of such utopia by geometric, optical and technical means, taking into account their philosophical, speculative and eidetic orientation belong to the Renaissance. The utopia of such a geometrized and optically verified city is gradually passing into our logic of thinking about speculative cities, possible spaces of life in general, including graphic user interfaces, Leonardo da Vinci's concepts of space, light, physicality, as well as the features of his approach to using the elements to create environments of life are considered in which: 1) technology does not use styles, but is embedded in them; 2) the space of life is organized not by the material embodiment of ideas, but by involvement through geometric and optical effects in the game of ideas, i.e. it is not the visible forms of the city that become important, but the conditions that allow you to see and navigate; 4) the physicality of the utopian optical-geometric project, in its instrumental and behavioral features, becomes the model that subsequent optical media will focus on, up to the invention of the graphical user interface.
References
Aristotel' (1983). Politika[Politics]. Sochineniya: v 4 t. T. 4. Nauka. (In Russian).
Cairns, G. (2017). Reproducing Reality and the Psychological Origin of the Technological Visualisation of Space: Comments on the Theme of Visioning Technologies. Architecture_MPS, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.amps.2017v11i5.001
Clark, S. R. L. (2016). Plotinus: Myth, Metaphor, and Philosophical Practice. University of Chicago Press.
Crawford, R. M. (1941). Leonardo Da Vinci. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 24(11), 483–495. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.1941.tb03364.x
Da Vinci, L. (1955). Anatomiya i fiziologiya cheloveka i zhivotnyh [Anatomy and physiology of man and animals]. In Izbrannye estestvennonauchnye proizvedeniya (pp.760-853). Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR. (In Russian)
Da Vinci, L. (1955). O svete, zrenii i glaze [On light, vision and the eye]. In Izbrannye estestvennonauchnye proizvedeniya (pp. 642-734). Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR. (In Russian).
Da Vinci, L. (1965). Anatomicheskie teksty iz raznyh rukopisej [Anatomical texts from various manuscripts]. In Anatomiya. Zapisi i risunki (pp. 501-526). Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR. (In Russian)
Da Vinci, L.(1965) Tetradi po anatomii [Notebooks on anatomy]. In Anatomiya. Zapisi i risunki (pp.9-498). Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR. (In Russian).
Descartes, R. (1994) Razmyshleniya o pervoj filosofii, v koih dokazyvaetsya sushchestvovanie Boga i razlichie mezhdu chelovecheskoj dushoj i telom [Meditations on First Philosophy, in which the existence of God and the immortality of the soul are demonstrated]. In Sochineniya. (Vol.2, pp.3-72). Mysl'. (In Russian).
Eastwood, B. (1986). Alhazen, Leonardo, and late-medieval speculation on the inversion of images in the eye. Annals of Science, 43(5), 413–446. https://doi.org/10.1080/00033798600200311
Edgerton, S. Y. (1978). The Renaissance Rediscovery of Linear Perspective. Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 36(3), 377–378. https://doi.org/10.2307/430452
Fortunati, L., Katz, J. E., & Riccini, R. (Eds.). (2003). Mediating the Human Body: Technology, Communication, and Fashion (1st edition). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410607768
Galluzzi, P. (1987). Leonardo da Vinci: From the “elementi macchinali” to the man‐machine. History and Technology, 4(1–4), 235–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/07341518708581700
Garin, E. (1986). Problemy ital'yanskogo Vozrozhdeniya[Problems of the Italian Renaissance]. Progress. (In Russian).
Gilson, É. (2020). The Metamorphoses of the City of God. The Catholic University of America Press.
Gilson, E., Mezei, B. M., & Murphy, F. A. (2018). John Duns Scotus: Introduction to his fundamental Positions (J. Colbert, Trans.). T&T Clark.
Gitelman, L., & Pingree, G. B. (Eds.). (2004). New Media, 1740-1915. Mit Pr.
Hart, lvor B. (1951). The Scientific Basis for Leonardo Da Vinci’s Work in Technology—An Appreciation. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 28(1), 105–129. https://doi.org/10.1179/tns.1951.007
Hughes, D. (2004). Bodies, Disease, and Society. In J. M. Najemy (Ed.), Italy in the Age of the Renaissance: 1300-1550 (pp. 103–123). Oxford University Press.
Iampolski M. Demon i labirint[Demon and Labyrinth]. Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 1996. (In Russian).
Kemp, M. (2007). Leonardo da Vinci: The Marvellous Works of Nature and Man. Oxford University Press.
Lang, S. (1972). Sforzinda, Filarete and Filelfo. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 35(1), 391–397. https://doi.org/10.2307/750940
Rosen, G. (1979). The evolution of social medicine. In H. E. Freeman, S. Levine, & L. G. Reeder (Eds.), Handbook of Medical Sociology (pp. 23-52.). Prentice Hall.
Schillmeier, M. (2010). Rethinking Disability:Bodies, Senses, and Things. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203854846
Squeri, R. (1961). Leonardo Da Vinci. Art Education, 14(9), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/00043125.1961.11651243
Toledo-Pereyra, L. H. (2002). Leonardo da Vinci: The Hidden Father of Modern Anatomy. Journal of Investigative Surgery, 15(5), 247–249. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941930290086038
Vazari, G. (2008). Zhizneopisaniya naibolee znamenityh zhivopiscev, vayatelej i zodchih [The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects]. Al'fa-kniga. (In Russian).
Vitruvius (2006). Desyat' knig ob arhitekture [Ten Books on Architecture]. Arhitektura-S. (In Russian).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.